Education In the Future

The future will have many new advances in education. Like the great Benjamin Franklin wrote thirteen virtues for basic living, there will be virtues in education that will be necessary to provide an equal opportunity to learn. Educational virtues will have to be followed in the future to better the knowledge of the world. Basic courtesy should be common in an educational environment. Tolerance will be needed so that everyone will have an equal opportunity to gain knowledge. No one person will learn more than others. Being opinionated of others can lead to problems, and arguments. No judgements of people should be based on knowledge. Every opinion is as valuable as another. Everyone will be treated equal, and all people will respect each other. Equality will be a very important value in the future. Education will take on many different changes, which will make the learning process a timely, organized part of life. Progression will change the way people learn. Basic skills will progress overtime. Everything will be gradually taught at a younger age. The learning process will be an important aspect of life. Observation will be an important key to everyday life, especially education. By obtaining information by using ears rather than words, everyone can hear what everyone has to say. Effort is key to developing a full rewarding education. By trying the hardest for everything, there can be great rewards. All people may reach full potential, if there is an aspiration to succeed. Everyone should be driven to learn and grow smarter. By having full awareness to details and paying attention to them, everything should come naturally. In general, education will pave the way to the future, by changing the way people think. By having goodwill and using special skills for the good of all, there should be no intent to harm another through what is not known. Devotion is a positive attribute that helps all people attain a higher level of knowledge. By contributing all thoughts others do not have, everyone can have the same level of understanding. Balance is needed to help spread the learning process out, over the period of a lifetime, and to prevent overdoing it too quickly. By having control people will learn to respect authority. Learning to control anger and aggression towards one another will lead to unity. There is a total abundance of information that can be learned through the education process. There is no limit or maximum amount of knowledge that can be gained during a lifetime. Educational virtues will be needed in the future to better the knowledge of the world. Learning will be a lifelong steady process. It will be rewarding and challenging yet fun and enjoyable. Courtesy to others will be necessary to find unity and peace. The learning process will be in every part of daily life. Education will make the future a better place to live by paving the way people think. Just as Benjamin Franklin†s virtues were created to turn bad habits into good, educational virtues will make learning a smoother part of life and will provide a path for all children to follow in the future.

Hamburger †United States Essay

A company that finds major success in one country won’t necessarily catch on in another. There are a number of fast-food chains that succeeded in America, but have failed globally. One example is the widely popular Wendy’s. Wendy’s is the third largest burger chains in the U.S. However, according to the article Wendy’s to Exit Japan, Wendy’s has recently declared that they â€Å"will not renew its agreement with its Japanese franchisee, Zensho Co Ltd, after both of them failed to reach an amicable solution on the development of Wendy’s brand in Japan.† This will result in the closure of 71 outlets located in and around Tokyo, Japan. Despite being one of the leading quick-service restaurant companies in America, Wendy’s has struggled to understand and expand internationally. It seems that they were being consistently beaten by the business that McDonald’s generates. Japan is McDonald’s largest market outside of the United States. It has nearly 4,000 restaurants there. The closure of Wendy’s marks the end of a 29-year presence in Japan, and is clearly a testament to the different tastes of the Eastern and Western countries. In October, Wendy’s attempted one final marketing strategy when they launched a $75 million campaign titled, â€Å"When It’s Real.† However, the campaign failed to boost sales and actually declined 4%. That appeared to be the last straw for the franchise. It’s difficult to succeed in the restaurant industry during a recession. People are more careful with their money so they tend to eat more at home. However, fast-food chains continue to thrive during these tough economic times because of their affordability. I do feel that what happened to Wendy’s could have been prevented. After all, McDonald’s is still succeeding in Japan, so why couldn’t Wendy’s. It’s important to remain innovative, especially during a recession. If they could have been creative and developed catchy marketing strategies during these tough times, I think they could have swung back into more prosperous times. References Schaefer, R.T. (2009) Sociology: A brief introduction (8th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw Hill. Zacks Investment Research (2009). Wendy’s to Exit Japan. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2010 from: http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewarticle/articleid/3711374

Postmodernism, Hyperreality and the Hegemony of Spectacle in New Hollywood Essay

After the screening of The Matrix on its first release, a dear cousin of mine, film connoisseur and avid fan of classical movies, spontaneously made the following comment: â€Å"This is an entirely new cinema to me! † If anything, The Matrix is a clear marker of cultural change. A film with state-of-the-art production values like this is bound to elicit in us the belated realization of how slow our response has been to the cultural products of an entirely transformed film industry, that of New Hollywood. My cousin’s casual and unwitting remark reflects the embarrassment felt by both professional critic and layman alike in coping with contemporary movies, especially when we still tend to approach New Hollywood products with the standards of the Old Hollywood cinema. Because of our adherence to tradition, we still tend to look for those classical values of â€Å"development†, â€Å"coherence† and â€Å"unity† in narratives only to find with disappointment that narrative plots become thinner, that characters are reduced to one-dimensional stereotypes and that action is carried through by loosely-linked sequences, built around spectacular stunts, dazzling stars and special effects. Narrative complexity is sacrificed on the altar of spectacle† (Buckland 166) as today’s blockbusters turn out to be nothing but calculated exercises in profit-making, all high-concept, high-gloss and pure show. Similar cries of warning about the loss of narrative integrity to cinematic spectacle have been voiced at different periods, usually at times of crisis or change in the history of the American cinema. One could cite, for example, Bazin’s disdain at the â€Å"displacement of classicism† by the baroque style, marking the end of the pure phase of classical cinema. His coined term, â€Å"superwestern, †designates the â€Å"emergence of a new kind of western† (Kramer 290), that, according to Bazin, â€Å"would be ashamed to be just itself, and looks for some additional interest to justify its existence—an aesthetic, sociological, moral, psychological, political, or erotic interest† (150-1). Similarly, in 1957 Manny Farber, taking his cue from Bazin’s superwestern, laments the â€Å"disappearance of this [classical] roduction system and the closing of action-oriented neighborhood theaters in the 1950s†. He claims that directors like Howard Hawks â€Å"who had flourished in ‘a factory of unpretentious picture-making’ were pushed towards artistic self-consciousness, thematic seriousness, and big-budget spectacle â€Å"(Kramer 293, emphasis added). A decade later, Pauline Kael too expresses her fears at the disintegration of filmic narrative which she attributes to the abrasion of traditional film production in general. She laments not only the emphasis on â€Å"technique† â€Å"purely visual content,† and â€Å"open-ended, elaborate interpretations† of the experimental and innovative art film of the New American Cinema, but as Kramer puts it, she was equally critical of the experiences facilitated by Hollywood’s mainstream releases. The lack of concern for coherent storytelling on the part of producers and directors in charge of the volatile and overblown process of filmmaking was matched by the audience’s enthusiastic response to spectacular attractions and shock effects, irrespective of their degree of narrative motivation. 296) Voices of dissatisfaction were heard at another major turn in the history of Hollywood, that is in the late 1970s, when the â€Å"unprecedented box-office success of Jaws (1975) and Star Wars (1977), signaled Hollywood’s aesthetic, cultural and industrial re-orientation towards movies with more emphasis on special effects and cin ematic spectacle† (Kramer 301). Unlike the classical movies produced on the assembly line under the studio regime (films that respected narrative integrity and refined story ideas into the classical three-act of exposition, complication and resolution), the products of New Hollywood, says critic Richard Schickel, seem â€Å"to have lost or abandoned the art of narrative†¦. [Filmmakers] are generally not refining stories at all, they are spicing up ‘concepts’ (as they like to call them), refining gimmicks, making sure there are no complexities to fur our tongue when it comes time to spread the word of mouth†(3). Contemporary cinema has come to depend so much on shrewd marketing and advertising strategies that its pictures, as Mark Crispin Miller points out, â€Å"like TV ads, †¦ aspire to a total ‘look’ and seem more designed than directed† (49). The difficulty that critics nowadays face with films like The Matrix and the new situation in Hollywood, is not only unlike the layman’s inability to assess â€Å"any recent Hollywood film as a discreet textual artifact that is either ‘better’ or ‘worse’ than the artifact produced under the studio regime,† Cook and Bernink note (99). It has also to do with regarding â€Å"the textual form of recent Hollywood as expressive of changed production circumstances that lead to a different kind of textual artifact†(ibid. ). In other words, as we move on in our globalized, high-tech age, it is becoming increasingly difficult to regard any single movie as a self-contained, autonomous text. On the contrary, as Eileen Meehan contends, it has become imperative to look upon any New Hollywood mainstream release â€Å"always and simultaneously as text and commodity, intertext and product line† (31). In order to revise our critical standards and respond effectively to the new status of the contemporary Hollywood movie, we need to grasp the dramatic changes that the American film industry has undergone in the post-classical period, which started right after World War II and culminated to a point of radical transformation in the post-1975 period, which has eventually come to best warrant the term New Hollywood. These changes have been lucidly described in a number of historiographic studies (Ray 1985, Balio 1985, 1990, Schatz 1983, 1993, Gomery 1986, Bernardoni 1991, Corrigan 1991, Hillier 1992, Wasko 1994, Kramer 1998, Neale and Smith 1998, Cook and Bernink 1999) which collectively shed ample light on the completely new situation defining New Hollywood. What has drastically changed is both the ways movies are made and the ways in which Hollywood has been doing business. After the government’s dismantling of the â€Å"vertically-integrated† studio system, the industry turned to producing and selling motion pictures on a film-by-film basis, resulting in the shift of power from studio heads to deal-makers (agents), in the rise of independent producers/directors, and in a more competitive and fragmented movie marketplace (Schatz 9). To the rise of TV and the emergence of other competing media technologies (VCRs, Cable and Satellite TV) Hollywood responded with a re-orientation towards blockbuster movies, â€Å"these high-cost, high-tech, high-stakes, multi-purpose entertainment machines that breed music videos and soundtrack albums, TV series and videocassettes, video games and theme park rides, novelizations and comic books† (Schatz 9). Despite the â€Å"increasingly fragmented but ever more expanding entertainment industry – with its demographics and target audiences, its diversified multimedia conglomerates, its global(ized) markets and new delivery systems†, the calculated blockbuster, as New Hollywood’s feature film, remains the driving force of the industry (ibid. ). This is testified by the monumental success of the blockbuster at the box-office. Schatz cites Variety’s commissioned study of the industry’s all-time commercial hits, in which only 2 movies of the classical period appear to have reached the top, whereas â€Å"90 of the top 100 hits have been produced since 1970, and all of the top 20 since Jaws in 1975†(9). The big-budget, all-star, spectacular hits of the late fifties and early sixties (such as The Ten Commandments, Ben Hur, Cleopatra, or Dr. Zhivago) have some sizable profits to show for (all in the vicinity of $25-to $50 million). By the standards of their age, they were considered colossal box-office successes; however, by today’s standards they seem quite puny contestants to the post-75 era of super-blockbusters which generate record-setting grosses, well beyond the $100 million barrier (always in constant dollars). And such a figure applies only to theatrical rentals, which accounts just for a percentage of the total revenue of a movie which also finds outlets in ancillary markets. he industry’s spectacular growth and expansion (its horizontal integration) is to a great extent owing to the take-over of the majors (Paramount, Fox, Columbia, MCA/Universal) by huge media empires (Warner/Time Communications, Murdoch’s News Corporations, Sony, Matsushita, respectively) forming multimedia conglomerates with diverse interests in the domestic and the global market, with holdings in movies, TV production, cable, records, book and magazine publications, video games, theme parks, consumer electron ics (both software and hardware). These huge corporations provide financial muscle for the multi-million production budgets of the blockbusters (since the production costs have themselves sky-rocketed), but also market muscle for promotion. Marketing and advertising strategies have been the key to the unprecedented success of the New Hollywood movie since Jaws: through pre-selling, usually cashing in on the popularity of a novel published prior to production, a movie becomes a media â€Å"event† by heavy advertising on prime-time TV and the press, as well as by the massive simultaneous release in thousands of mall-based multiplex theaters. Calculated blockbuster productions are carefully designed to ensure the greatest potential profit not only through extended theatrical rental (sequels, re-issues, remakes, director’s cut), but also though capitalization in ancillary markets: soon the movie will come out on videocassette, audio-cassette, novel, computer game, and the increasingly popular since the mid-nineties, DVD, let alone an extended market career through by-products ranging from the CD movie soundtrack to T-shirts and toys, which contribute to the impressive surge in profits. It becomes obvious thus why contemporary movies cannot be conceived of as individual entities and cannot be separately examined from their economic intertext that renders them part (or rather the driving belt) of a larger entertainment machine and advertising campaign. Expensive blockbusters, which in the early days of the post-classical period were the exception and now, as Schatz states, have become the rule, â€Å"are the central output of modern Hollywood. But what, aside from costs, are their dominant characteristics? How are they able to attract, engage and entertain millions of people? asks Warren Buckland (166). The blockbuster syndrome has also changed the movies’ mode of address. Designed around a main idea, what is called â€Å"high concept†, a blockbuster becomes increasingly plot-driven, increasingly visceral, kinetic, fast-paced, increasingly reliant on special effects, increasingly â€Å"fantastic† (and thus apolitical), and increasingly targeted at younger audiences. And significantly enough, the lack of complex characters or plot [as for example] in Star Wars opens the film to other possibilities, notably its amalgamation of genre conventions and its elaborate play of cinematic references. But while these movies enjoy a great popularity among younger audiences, as their huge box-office success indicates, the loss of narrative integrity to spectacle, and the sense of escapism and triviality usually associated with high-gloss, star glamour and dumb show, has driven most academics or old-cinema cinephiles to summarily shun or dismiss blockbusters as merely calculated exercises in shameless profiteering. Warren Buckland thinks that these arguments about the loss of narrative potential in the contemporary feature film are overstated and attempts to reverse the â€Å"unhelpful and hostile evaluative stance† (167) of the critics towards the blockbuster. Focusing on a typical action-adventure blockbuster, Spielberg’s Raiders of the Lost Arc heproposes adopting an analytical and descriptive approach to these films, an approach dubbed by Bordwell and Thompson â€Å"historical oetics. † Part of the argument he makes is that â€Å"historical poetics† can account for the popularity of movies with such a broad appeal (and allows us to take them seriously as aesthetic, cultural objects) â€Å"especially because movies are examined in terms of their individuality, including their response to their historical moment, in which style and composition respond to the historical questions posed in the culture in which the film is made† (168-169). In other words, the issue is not so much about the so-called death of narrative—because narrative is still alive and well—but the emergence of a new kind of narrative, whose meaning is conveyed not through traditional narration but by emphasis on spectacle and the visual impact of the pictures which provide additional narrative pleasure and have changed the patterns of viewer response. Thus Buckland’s concluding remark that â€Å"it is perhaps time to stop condemning the New Hollywood blockbuster and to start, instead, to understand it,† carries more merit than we have been ready to admit. My intention in this essay is to extend the argument about the narrative/ spectacle issue in the direction suggested by Buckland, but within a wider, cultural perspective. The supremacy of the visual and the spectacular over traditional narration in the textual form of contemporary movies is not only expressive of the changed production values and the text’s signifying practices; it is also reflective of the changed cultural patterns and lifestyle habits in postmodernity. Classical cinema favored traditional storytelling because it provided a univocal interpretation of life and reflected a uniformity in entertainment habits: cinema was the predominant form of entertainment, as â€Å"the movies attracted 83 cents of every U. S. dollar spent on recreation† (Ray 26). Its nineties counterpart, with its emphasis on the sensational and the spectacular, on episodic action and generic diversification, is a postmodern cinema entertaining the possibility of multiple signification and the hyperreality of the visual, subject to an increasing commodified experience. As Anne Friedberg puts it, â€Å"today the culture industry takes on different forms: Domestic electronics (fax, modems, cable television) follow the interactive model of dialogic telephone communications. The personal computer turns the home user into a desktop publisher, the microwave turns every cook into an instant gourmet, the Walkman transforms each listener into a radio programmer. Both production and reception have been individualized; the culture industry no longer speaks in a univocal, monolithic voice. 189) This proliferation of entertainment venues offered to the individual points to a general malaise often regarded as the central feature of postmodernism, what Featherstone terms â€Å"the fragmentation and overproduction of culture—the key-feature of consumer culture† (76). As Jameson says, â€Å"in postmodern culture, ‘culture’ itself has become a product in its own right; the market has become a substitute for itself and fully as much a commodity as any of the items it includes within itself† (1991 x). In the â€Å"cultural logics of late capitalism,† Jameson’s code-phrase for postmodernity, what is commodified is not simply the image, which has acquired central role in contemporary culture but lived experience itself. As Guy Debord diagnoses in The Society of the Spectacle, â€Å"everything that was lived directly has moved away into a representation (1983 np). Baudrillard, as Friedberg notes, also talks about â€Å"the same phenomenon—representation of the thing replacing the thing—and extends it into a mise-en- abime of the ‘hyperreal,’ where signs refer only to signs. Hyperreality is not just an inverted relation of sign and signifier, but one of receding reference, a deterrence operation in the signifying chain†(178). A part in this process of the commodification of the sign and the derealization of the real has been played by media technologies, especially electronics, as Vivian Sobchack points out: The postmodern and electronic â€Å"instant† †¦ constitutes a form of absolute presence (one abstracted from the continuity that gives meaning to the system past/present/future) and changes the nature of the space it occupies. Without the temporal emphases of historical consciousness and personal history, space becomes abstract, ungrounded, flat—a site for play and display rather than an invested situation in which action â€Å"counts† rather than computes. Such a superficial space can no longer hold the spectator/ user’s interest, but has to stimulate it constantly in the same way a video game does. Its flatness—a function of its lack of temporal thickness and bodily investment—has to attract spectator interest at the surface. †¦ In an important sense, electronic space disembodies.

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Auditing - Essay Example An auditor who works for a mid size firm takes on the assignment of auditing Telechubbies for the first time based on information that is provided to the auditor by Rachel Jones, the financial controller of Telechubbies. The basic information given to the auditor is that there is a requirement to maintain a 2:1 debt to equity ratio based on a loan contract. The provision for inventory obsolesces is 10% which is was cut 100 per cent from the previous year’s levels and the company wants another 100 per cent reduction this year to bring it down to 5%. A third piece of data given is that the long term receivables in the books belong to an R&D company owned by one of the directors. The auditor would start this audit by inspecting the balance sheet, income statement, annual report, code of ethics, and physical warehouse of Telechubbies. The balance sheet requires special attention. This financial statements has the data to calculate the debt to equity ratio. The auditor needs to inspect that the company is complying with the 2:1 requirement. After verifying the metric the auditor should go back a few years and compare the current debt to equity ratio level to the last three years results to find any tendency in the metric that might place the contract at risk in the near future. The company recently changed its inventory obsolescence provision to 10%. The auditor has to immediately verify if this changed was notified to the shareholders in the financial statements in the form of a note to the financial statements. This change represent a new discrepancy in the way the accounting methods thus it must be notified for purposes of following the accounting principle of consistency. The desired to cut the provision down to 5% requires certain numerical and physical auditing procedures. The long term receivable information is a worrisome sign since lending money to a company that is owned by a company director

Chinese Culture and Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Chinese Culture and Identity - Essay Example Taking the analogy of the body and its parts, we can clearly understand how the family problems or joys also become the joys or problems of the society. The body is a whole and it has units such as a hand, leg, head, etc which coordinate their functionalities to aid the body function as a whole. If a leg is hurting, there are changes that will be noted in the whole body's functionality even though it is only one part (the leg) which is affected. Similarly, the family can be likened to the leg and the whole society, to the entire body. If the leg (family) is experiencing problems, then the entire body (society) will automatically feel the impacts of the leg's problems because the two are connected (family builds up society just the same way the leg is part of the structure of the body). This paper seeks to pay particular attention to the Chinese culture focusing on the cultural aspects such as marriage practices, family formation and family structure. The paper also highlights the cha llenges the culture is likely to face or actually faces in multi-cultural environment such as Canada. Gender, ethnicity, and culture are very str... Individuals are different because they do not share the same culture, ethnicity or gender. If this was the case, then the people world offer will think, behave and even act the same way. This is not possible because we, world over, can never share these factors. It is important that we understand what these factors are before we move on to understand the effects and influences they have on an individual. Culture refers to the values, beliefs, symbols and meanings which are common and distinct to a given society and are passes on from one generation to the next. Ethnicity on other hand refers to the common ancestral linage and sense of belonging. It is and is a key factor in community identity (and consequently individual identity) which communities use to develop a common value systems which beach member subscribes to. Finally, gender is the concept of being masculine or feminine and the associated roles. Therefore, gender roles are those roles assigned to individual by virtue of the m being male or otherwise. Such roles, in the absence of the individual can tell us whether the individual is male or female. These factors have the potential of shaping one's thoughts, behaviors, attitudes and belief systems (Dolores et al, 2005). Since this is possible, a strong implication is put forth which pre supposes that the same factors, consequently, will have and impact on how one relates with people and deals with things, issues and even problems. For instance, these factors can have a very far reaching, either within the positive or negative territory, effects on an individual's handling or working with a family. Chinese Culture The historical development of Chinese culture has been handled by a number of researchers but one thing that predominates is

Product and Brand Management in Barclays Bank Essay

Product and Brand Management in Barclays Bank - Essay Example In terms of relative performance with in a market, a brands positioning can reflect a battle for the customers mind (Lilien, Rangaswamy & De Bryun, 2013, p. 99). By providing the customers services and products in retail banking the position of the Barclays bank in consumers mind is significant. This brings the competitive advantage to bank as more customers prioritize the Barclays bank for their personal and corporate requirements. The business process leads in the chosen markets of this organization and besides this they have culture based high performance and behavioural excellence. By this positioning strategy the organizations ideology of business, its capabilities to serve the customers, satisfaction of consumers and stake holders and ability to sustain in the competitive environment and making services and products of competitive advantage is efficiently possible.Strategies are the future actions plans that are to be implemented in accomplishments of goals and objectives of an organization. Positioning strategies are evolved when they are several well defined competitors are present with fairly unambiguous images (Stevens et al., 1997, p. 159)In the analysis it is found that the Barclays Bank has potential future positioning options which place the organization in the top position. There are two options which can be focused for the brands within the retail banking.The business process leads in the chosen markets of this organization and besides this they have culture based high performance and behavioural excellence. By this positioning strategy the organizations ideology of business, its capabilities to serve the customers, satisfaction of consumers and stake holders and ability to sustain in the competitive environment and making services and products of competitive advantage is efficiently possible.

Modern Misogyny Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modern Misogyny - Essay Example Our status, politics, educational systems, and advertising are littered with the not so subtle remnants of misogyny. Though the new feminism has fought to correct these notions of prejudice and scorn, we must wonder if any progress has been made. A daily newspaper, a television show, or a pop recording will reveal the undercurrent of misogyny that flows beneath the sea of women's rights. Religion and mythology have been the most ardent perpetrators of misogyny throughout history. In the biblical story of the Garden of Eden, Eve is blamed for Adams's downfall. According to Dr. Gary Macy, professor of theology at the University of San Diego, during the Middle Ages the Catholic Church used its power, ancient texts, and the rewriting of canon law to "make misogyny an official part of church doctrine" (Rigby). Women were not only barred from the priesthood, but Macy adds that canon law "expressly forbid any woman from serving as a ruler, politician, or judge because of the fact that women were too stupid to understand the law" (qtd. in Rigby). This attitude of misogyny has lasted through the centuries as we see the under-representation of women in positions of corporate, political, and public leadership. The Catholic Church did not have a monopoly on misogyny in history. One of the most brutally misogynist religions has been Islam. Aristotle viewed women as defective, void of shame, false of speech, and inferior to the male. His writings influenced later Muslim theologians and Arab philosophers. According to Hashmi, the difference between pre-modern misogyny and modern Islam is difficult to discern and notes that, "There is hardly any difference between the misogynic expositions by Aristotle and a village mullah1 in Bangladesh". The Taliban in the Afghanistan region have exemplified this doctrine and the status of Islamic women in Saudi Arabia has also suffered under these beliefs. The misogyny that infiltrates the world's religions has been a "Pandora's Box" for politics. The US democratic form of government has offered little protection. When first formed in the 18th century, women had no more rights outside the churches than within them. The witch trials had confirmed men's suspicions of a woman's power and were reluctant to share their God given domain of rule. Women could not vote, own property, or participate in the economy. They could not hold public office. To date there has not been a woman President or Vice-President. Nancy Pelosi became the first female to become Speaker of the House in spite of her gender. Women make up 50% of the voting public, yet they hold less than 10% of the Congressional seats and only 1% of the Senate ("Minorities and Women"). Once misogyny was released from the box, it became a difficult task to put it back in its place. Centuries of legitimized misogyny have also infected the economic system. We hear of the 'glass ceiling' and the wage disparity between male and female workers performing the same duties. What is often overlooked are the subtler ways that the misogynist attitudes affect women. In our education system we have recently heard a Harvard University President propose that, "because Harvard draws only from the very top, it would be understandable that very few women would be found there" (Nelson). The misogyny in the Universities works its way into the boardrooms and decision-making processes of our economy. The public's lack of concern

Lorex Pharmaceuticals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Lorex Pharmaceuticals - Essay Example This essay discusses that Lorex Pharmaceuticals has developed and holds all patent rights to Linatol, a new high blood pressure medicine. Since the pharmaceutical industry operates in a monopolistically competitive atmosphere (where no specific pharmaceutical company dominates the market), the patent-holder of a new product can have considerable market advantage over other companies. Lorex pharmaceutical is therefore seeking solutions to optimize this competitive advantage by balancing cost, productivity, and quality with regards to the production of Linatol. To reach this end, the managers of Lorex Pharmaceuticals must determine and select a target amount to which each of the 10-ounce bottles of the product would be filled. This task takes into consideration two issues: 1) Specifying higher fill targets will lead to higher material cost but fewer seconds, and 2) use of the one-standard-deviation rule can cause production delays. Using tests to determine the optimal fill-line, it has been established that 10.17-ounce mark would result in optimal production and maximum returns. Since probability analysis is only suggestive and the accuracy increases with samples size, it is recommended that more tests be conducted to reach more accurate results. Quality assurance managers of Lorex Pharmaceuticals must determine and select a target amount to which each of the 10 ounce bottles of Linatol, a new high blood pressure medicine, would be filled. ... The pharmaceutical industry is ever changing, as can be seen from the many changes in the structure of markets and organizations that occur over the years. Competition in the industry is intense, which means that mergers, acquisitions, etc. are not uncommon. In the pharmaceutical industry in the U.S., there is an extreme contrast between a specific products market during patent enforcement (where a patent holder may control over 80 percent of the product's market and can charge premium prices) and after the patent expires (where market control is reduced to about 30 percent because of the many sellers and buyers that soon emerge after patent expiration). Lorex Pharmaceuticals has developed Linatol, a new high blood pressure medicine, and the company holds all patents right to it. A company that develops a new drug has the potential to realize very large profits. Decisions in manufacturing budgets and product specifications influence the capacity of a particular product line. These, in turn influence the productivity and actual profit of the company. Thus, manufacturers must take into consideration the cost and quality factors that go into production. It is not unusual for companies to pursue trade-offs in cost, productivity, and efficiency in order to pursue specific markets. This however, can result in poor product quality. This case analysis aims to present some solutions that would help Lorex Pharmaceuticals strike a balance between cost, productivity, and quality. Possible Decision Alternatives Quality assurance managers of Lorex Pharmaceuticals must determine and select a target amount to which each of the 10 ounce

Management One Protective Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Management One Protective Security - Essay Example In this particular Iraqi private security company, the structure that guides leadership and follower hierarchies include positions of Country Manager, Regional Manager, Operations Manager, Team Leader, 2ic Deputy, driver support staff and a translation expert. Reis & Pena (2007) identify that vertical hierarchies are ill-prepared for empowering workers and will not be ready to accept change. Therefore, to improve performance, it is first necessary to examine the structure that guides interoffice activities and also those impacting client relationships to determine which type of structure is most effective in gaining support from the team members and also at the individual level. Communication, in this type of industry, requires a 360 degree movement, therefore establishing a structure where information moves across the entire employee and manager network instead of merely being elicited from the highest layers of leadership. Delegating is not a difficult managerial task for fostering more support for a project initiative or the basic routine of ensuring quality customer relationship management. Reinstein (2007) identifies that there are three types of individuals that will either support or resist change practices. There is a small support group at 25 percent, undecided varieties that sit on the proverbial fence on issues at 50 percent, and another at 25 percent who are adamantly against change efforts. The key is to first understand the cultural dimensions that drive each member of the team and understand their personality type. In some cases, this can be accomplished through consultation with generic human resources staff to locate or distribute a personality profile testing using reputable models for this research effort. Further showing the inter-linkage between motivation and knowledge, support for more team-based efforts can be accomplished by creating an interpersonal relationship with team members to build support for future efforts involving client rel ationships. Delegating in the face of change resisting personalities requires an authoritarian approach whilst delegating with undecideds or supporters is merely creating a team-focused environment with a quality blend of social and authoritarian skills. â€Å"The first phase of development in teams is membership† (Bushe & Coetzer, 2007, p.187). Delegation occurs effectively when members are already committed to achieving a project or client-related goal. 2. Teams Having already identified the structure of this particular team, there are three specific features that create the need for a progressive and transformational manager to gain support and commitment: 1. It is exposed to conflicting and radically unique cultures with each client interaction. 2. Job roles change significantly with each client scenario, thus it requires flexibility from group members. 3. Management and subordinates are empowered to innovate and work independently from the group. A key player in this gro up is the translator who functions as a logical and cultural bridge to clients of all varieties. This individual is relied upon by each member of the team as a liaison for client needs and there runs the risk of much being lost in translation both verbally and in terms of expressive body language. â€Å"The study of business is afflicted by confusion between the results of a survey of what

What could help solve poverty in Calcutta Essay

What could help solve poverty in Calcutta - Essay Example A few of the numerous people who come from different backgrounds and they are present in Calcutta include; Christians, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs and Jains. There are numerous languages that are spoken in Calcutta includes but not limited to; Tamil, Urdu, Punjabi and Bengali. One of the biggest issue that Calcutta is facing is overcrowding. The main reason for this is the numerous activities that take place in Calcutta. In addition, there diversity of the people that are present in Calcutta is one of the reason that it has a high population density of 4.5 million people. Another reason for the over population of Calcutta is the Bangladesh conflict which took place in the 1970s which made refugees to settle in the northern and southern suburbs of the city. People move to Calcutta to take, coal, petroleum, manganese, jute, manganese and iron. This is because it is a major export centre of these products. Due to the large population, Calcutta has been having a big unemployment crisis since early 1950s. With the high population density and the equally high levels of poverty, Calcutta has a huge problem when it comes to housing (Banerji, 2007). It is estimated that more than a third of the city lives in places of severe poverty (slumdogs, 2015). In this place, the houses have poor ventilation, very limited sanitary conditions and very little open space. One of the main reason for the poverty is Calcutta is overcrowding. It is brought about when people are numerous and located in just one place (Phelan, 2015). This limits even the ability of the people to get ample space to live. There are numerous reason as to why people may be over populated in one place. As for Calcutta, the main reason for its overpopulation is the fact that numerous activities take place there (Weaver, 1985). The main industries that thrive in Calcutta include; transport industry, export industry, and manufacturing industries. In addition,

Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence Essay Example for Free

Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence Essay Thomas Paine’s Common Sense and Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence are two important and popular persuasive documents in American history. Both documents were written in 1776 about the same subject (Famighetti 512; Independence Hall Association 1999). However, as one reads the different documents one would observe the difference in tone and styles adopted by each author to express their ideas. As persuasive works both presents the current problems that they were facing, both give reasons as to why the problem was occurring and both presents a solution to the problem. The subject of both documents was Great Britain’s relationship with the American colonies. Both documents were written at a time when Great Britain was pressuring the American colonies to pay unreasonable and unfair taxes to her (Perry 431). Paine had felt that Great Britain was abusing its power while Jefferson argued that Great Britain was a tyrant. Then each author proceeded to enumerate their own reasons why they think it was so. In view of the current circumstances, both authors had felt that the colonies should free itself from Britain’s rule. In communicating his ideas, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense was written more in the direction of an editorial persuasive essay that aimed to make the people become aware of what was really going on between Britain and the American colonies. In the opening paragraph Paine clearly admit that what he was about to say may not be the general belief or views of his readers, â€Å" perhaps the sentiments contained in the following pages are not yet sufficiently fashionable to procure them general favor†( Independence Hall Association1999 ). He was merely presenting his opinion regarding a certain situation. On the other hand, Jefferson’s works was already a call to action as if the people already knew what was going on. The assumption that he was addressing to people who already knew the real situation was in the statement, â€Å"When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another† (Fameghetti 512), as if implying that certain events of which the people were aware of is now leading them to separate from Britain. In other words, Common Sense was educating the people while The Declaration of Independence was largely calling the now â€Å"educated† people to action. Thomas Paine’s discourse was merely voicing his opinions and informing the people of the real situation, his tone of voice was more of calm persuasion as if he was waking up the general American public from a long sleep of indifference and ignorance when he observes that the Americans were in â€Å"a long habit of not thinking a thing wrong† which â€Å"gives it a superficial appearance of being right†( Independence Hall Association 1999 ) . Paine then ended his document with a suggestion of what the American people should do. Jefferson on the other hand, adopted a more confident, assertive and with a sense of urgency tone in his work, with the goal of rallying more sympathizers and followers to the cause of independence and urging them to make an immediate action. This can be supported by the fact that by the time the document was conceived and read, not all Americans agreed to the separation (Perry 431). Yet Jefferson used the â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident†, using the word â€Å"we† to mean that he was assuming that all Americans was sharing his views and with this regard he was playing the role as the voice of the American people (Fameghetti 512). Unlike Paine, Jefferson ended the document not with a suggestion but with a bold announcement for the need of separation (Fameghetti 513). Moreover, the organization of both documents was different. Jefferson took a rather direct and abrupt approach in communicating his views. He immediately introduce his ideas in the beginning few paragraphs citing John Locke’s â€Å"inalienable rights† as the main basis for his argument and without much hesitation supported his view on separation by listing Britain’s faults. The theme of his works was more to justify American acts of rebellion so that other nations such as Spain and France from which they hope to gain support for their cause will not consider their revolutionary actions as illegal acts of rebellion (Maier 43). Paine, on the other hand, adopted a storytelling format in presenting his views. He took pains in providing background information about his subject (Independence Hall Association 1999). He examined every detail and favorable examples and presented them as logical explanations in support of his views of why it is better for a nation to be independent of Britain. When one examines each documents, one can conclude that in Common Sense, Paine acted as a persuasive educator, whose role was only that of a man who had the task of arousing the interest of his readers to side with his views while Jefferson acted more as an active leader of rebellion, whose main goal was to inspire the people to make immediate action in response to their belief that Great Britain should not rule over them. Works Cited Famighetti, Robert. The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1996. New Jersey: Funk and Wagnalls Corporation, 1995. Independence Hall Association. â€Å"Common Sense by Thomas Paine†. 1999. US History Organization Website. Accessed April 4, 2008 http://www. ushistory. org/paine/commonsense/singlehtml. htm Maier, Pauline. American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997. Perry, Marvin. A History of the World. New York: Houghton and Mifflin, 1988.

A Template for Structural Analysis of an Industry Essay Example for Free

A Template for Structural Analysis of an Industry Essay Corporate Strategy and Policy A Template for Structural Analysis of an Industry You can use the following template for analyzing the structure of an industry. It requires you to rate the attractiveness of an industry on a 5-point scale for several factors relating to each of the five forces in Porter’s (1980) model. (A 7-point or a 10-point scale would perhaps be even better in that it would allow finer discrimination between two businesses with different levels of attractiveness. But the 5-point scale is relatively much easier to use. To help you in the ratings, the template provides the anchors at the two ends of the scale for each factor with examples of industries corresponding to the anchors. You will note that we have included separate sections in the template for exit barriers and government. The former contributes to rivalry among competitors (and is, therefore, not a sixth force). The latter, according to some, should be treated as the sixth force, although Porter says the effect of government on an industry is felt through one or more of the five forces. If you want, you can attach different weights to different forces and also to different factors within each force. If an industry has different segments that are structurally different, you can separately analyze the attractiveness of each segment. You can also analyze the changes in industry structure by using the template at two different points of time (for instance, today and five years from now) to obtain greater insight into likely opportunities and threats that you can expect from the industry environment. To reduce the element of subjectivity, you can get the attractiveness evaluated by several colleagues and arrive at average scores. Even the weights of different factors and forces could be based on the opinion of your colleagues and you could attach greater weight to the opinion of colleagues with greater expertise. Use your creativity to benefit from this tool. You can use the remarks column to annotate your ratings. For instance, consider the first factor in Table 1 (number of competitors).

Why We Love Coca Cola Commerce Essay

Why We Love Coca Cola Commerce Essay Coca-Cola is just water, sugar, a few secret flavourings and bubbles so Coca-Cola is something else. Brilliant marketing the company believes that it has got to be more than just beverages it has got to be a reminder of the good times and warm feelings so each of us buy Coca-Cola again and again (so the brand would need to portray these feelings) Coca-Cola fans and Pepsi fans market used to be divided Coca-Cola the largest beverage company in the world known it needs to catch consumers eyes (so the brand would distinguish the difference between most popular seller competition ) Making the connection with the consumer and the brand reminding them that if you are hungry a hot dog and Coca-Cola drink were made to go together (colours ketchup red) In the precious few seconds of decision making when shopping Coca-Cola relies on the instant association the shopper makes to a memory like the Coca-Cola logo on a team stadium or a sport hereo being sponsored by Coca-Cola and indorsing the brand in public by drinking it in a press conference or award ceremony, end of fight of car race (brand visibility) PHOTO OF THE BEATLES DRINKING COCA-COLA ^^^^^ what Coca-Cola have tried to do is continue to build a memory bank of positive associations between the brand and what it stands for and these moments of happiness (brand connected to emotions beetles being emotional to fans ) ***Coca-Cola is one of those brands that inspire emotions, best success stories of all time Coca-Cola have done a great job of marketing and it is not just because they have a beautiful label (label is a big part of it but, the marketing of the label helped with association) When Coca-Cola talk of a memory bank that has been established of pleasant times of celebrations and that helps them sell Coca-Cola (along with the labels association) There is not many famous advertisements that people remember although Coca-Cola, is at the top end with some, like the famous hill top song advertisement quote I would like to teach the world to sing which is still etched in peoples memory (like catchy colours in the brand) It was a clever advertisement because it had a catchy jingle that people could associate with over their native language. The advertisement was also multi-cultural with people from different multi-national backgrounds (have to make brand understandable and noticeable to all nations) Clever advertising, people want to sing it you can still see this advertisement on (online) you tube today with people putting their own creative twist and jingle on top of it (fun popular product) AMERICAN FOOTBALL ADD playful humour, mean Joe turned nice (football association) Coca-Cola owns the unique, unmistakable bottle shape I THINK THAT THE CORVATIOS SHAPE HAS A CERTAIN MAGIC NO ONE ELSE IN THE MARKET HAS THAT CLASSIC DESIGHN LIKE THE Coca-Cola CONTURE BOTTLE. (works well with the brand association) Something as simple as a label a look of the bottle (has big impact) Little moment of joy (this is how people may see Coca-Cola and its brand and what name t has made for itself) The depth of which Coca-Cola belonged to the American people (red American flag) More to the consumer people part of their lives personal memory bank (everyday living and culture) Perhaps no product is more embedded in to the American culture than Coca-Cola that history has been protected and cultivated * powerful marketing can turn something simple like a fizzy drink in to an icon (brand visibility) Coca-Cola has thousands of different mediums of marketing examples are print television advertisements For Coca-Cola to get its name in front of everyone Coca-Cola have put their name on everything from illustrated calendars and pens to pocket mirrors (brand visibility) A well known artist of the day Norman Rockwell Myths Being a myth commonly spoke about that everyone may believe and talks about gets Coca-Cola free advertising which may lead to conversations and debates which in return leads to more noticablity of the brand A campaign featuring Santa Claus in his trade mark (associate to seasons in a month and special occs) red and white coincidentally Coca-Cola colours (on brand) led to that question is it true that Coca-Cola invented Santa Claus? No, they created the modern image of Santa Claus as we know him today Coca-Cola were trying to create an advertising campaign that would get people associated with the holidays so they thought about Santa Claus who has to go all around the world in twenty four hours so, he must get thirsty in that time (this relates back to different cultures around the world product) so lets get him a Coca-Cola and that is how Coca-Cola got to indorse the well known iconic and much loved character around the world which kids and parents love and trust (associate with Coca-Cola clever endorsement) SANTA ILLUSTRATIONS SIMIONTICS The inventor pharmacist John Penberto in 1856 invented the original energy drink Coca-Cola and marketed it as having restorative powers because of its main ingredients extracted from cola nuts and the coca leaf (key source of cocaine) (was originally green leaf?! Relates to old brand) (where the name stems from for the brand) Secret formula book by Rick Allen Allem Fluid extracted from the coca leaf part of the original formula and fluid extract of the coca leaf is the drug known as cocaine so there is a small amount of cocaine in the original formula recipe for the first five years of the recipe (addictive) The exact recipe method of Coca-Cola today remains a closely guarded secret which is kept locked in a volt in a santrust bank in Atlanta. USA COCA-COLA BOTTLE that did not prevent many different companies trying to imitate Coca-Cola and cash in on there successes in the 1900s it was hard to tell what was the real thing and what was not with similar names and designed bottles like Coca Nola, Sola Cola and the same brown bottle (write more) so Coca-Cola needed a way to distinguish its products from the imposters trying to imitate Coca-Cola so Coca-Cola put out a design brief to glass manufacturers to design a unique bottle that could be distinguished by its shape with your eyes closed The contour hobber skirt bottle was then designed it was inspired by the hobber skirt Betty wear female clothing range of the day. Now the consumer could be sure they were purchasing the real Coca-Cola , the new contour bottle was so unique it became instantily famous and Icon for Coca-Cola itself, that is how the Coca-Cola contour bottle became such a recognised product throughout the world (inspiration female body. Patented in 19what?) Due in large part because of Robert Woodruff who helped design some of the iconic items that we recognised to be Coca-Cola today like the six pack, ice box and product sponsorship with the Olympics (worldwide recognition) Robert Woodruff had a vision that put Coca-Cola with local events they would enjoy this product (popularity) WOLRD WAR TWO World war two most large companies were putting global expansions on hold although Coca-Cola were not. Robert Woodruff said quote I will get Coca-Cola to the America tropes for a nickel regardless of what it costs the company he then sent sixty-four portable bottling plants with American tropes all across western Europe the south pacific north Africa and south America. The end result was the eleven million soldiers who came back from war with a keen loyalty for Coca-Cola it was like letters from home or a release like a pack of cigarettes it was to the m a symbol of something they have been fighting for (emotions and loyalty to America) BATTLE OF THE BRANDS Coca-Cola soon had another new battle to fight with Pepsi an epic battle that started with some clever advertising with an advert that had a catchy jingle and Pepsi slogan quote twice as much and better, too they were offering twice as much for the same price as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola had some tough competition on their hands they hit back with king size bottles which did not help and Pepsi continued to fight with a campaign called the Pepsi challenge which was blind testing the consumer and it showed that (nationwide more people prefer the taste of Pepsi over Coca-Cola) (branding is so important in making people believe what they prefer in competition because the visual is linked to the taste and reputation of the brand) after Coca-Cola did its own tests with similar results Coca-Cola decided to change their ninety nine year old recipe which got a backlash from the consumer audience I THINK this is because the consumer grew up and got to love and trust the brand and it was something Coca-Cola were changing and this was changing their history of what Coca-Cola was three years later Coca-Cola came back and re launched Coca-Cola Classic GLOBAL Coca-Cola have managed to get their product to everyone everywhere like remote places in Africa Quote if you grow up in an environment where there are many challenges as Africans face every day, you need an extra dose of optimism to drive yourself everyday (Bill Egby the president of Coca-Cola south Africa Coca-Cola means a lot of different things to different people I THINK that Coca-Cola gives people opportunity in Africa to happiness and success this success comes in money and jobs one thing Africa has been short of in its history (America successful country with lots of opportunity and money luxury) this is because everybody who sells Coca-Cola makes money so more and more people have been buying Coca-Cola to sell on so this is how Coca-Cola have managed to get in to the most remote places not just in Africa but the world everybody has tried to get a bit of Coca-Cola success (there are one o six o bottling plants in Africa in fifty six African countries) Coca-Cola targets all markets, middle class Success in Africa for Coca-Cola has been critical because of Coca-Cola growing independence of overseas markets (eighty percent of Coca-Cola global sales are from the international markets) Bill Edby Coca-Cola has never failed or had to pull out of a country once it has started marketing itself within it and has always succeeded (red a successful colour) Coca-Cola is a global sponsor of south Africa supporting community events and small businesses by providing them with signs and fridges with the Coca-Cola brand stamped upon them in return for this Coca-Cola have managed to secure brand loyalty with the African community Coca-Cola have ensured their logo is stamped on everything and everywhere possible billboards, posters, buildings and cans ^^^^ Coca-Cola has managed to tap in to the world and local communities with what excites them like football (passion) (football one of the most popular sports in the world with passionate people throughout the world loving it) spending thousands of US dollars and sponsoring the south African world cup thus ensuring worldwide publicity * Coca-Cola associate itself with popular passions and historical moments This Will only pay off for Coca-Cola if people in the emerging markets can get their hands o Coca-Cola BOTTLING Coca-Cola, Coca-Colas changing with the times by designing new drinking technology to interact with the consumer they have got with Ferrari (powerful expensive car) to design a new drinks machine it has the touch screen technology from an i-phone and power provided by the trust of millions of thirsty consumers in an age when shoppers demand products tailored to their individual taste Coca-Cola has designed a super high tech drinking machine to satisfy all their customers it is called the free style jet machine this is allowing the buyers to allow them full control letting them create one hundred and four different variations of Coca-Colas products fizzy drinks, juices, teas and flavoured waters This is the way Coca-Cola can stay in touch with a fast changing way of the twenty first century consumer market but, it is part of their push to attract new drinkers and bring back old ones (evolution) This free style jet machine manages to get in to the minds of the consumer by reporting and logging what different variations of Coca-Cola are being sold were when and in what quantities for Coca-Cola this could be marketing gold by knowing how much of their different brands are being sold where and when (clever) all of this information of what the consumers like could point to the next drink sensation and that could be critical because the new Coca-Cola flavours build excitement and this is important to the Coca-Cola brand which is what Coca-Cola need to stay on top and survive In this industry new is where the growth is so in 2007 Coca-Cola established an entire division whos mission is to create or discover Coca-Cola next billion dolla brand. we look for beverages that are ahead of the game, that are meeting needs that are not being meet by an exciting offering and these are brands we are really interested in Derek Van Rensburg head of venture of emerging brands Unit VEB Like the company ZICO Coconut water, Zico is 100% coconut water, Coca-Cola try and pick up what is next in the market and with recent health trends there is a larger potential market for healthier products like this for Coca-Cola to market Coca-Cola gamble huge amounts of money investing in small niche products and turning them into a phenomenon Coca-Cola has the money to by big brands in 2007 Coca-Cola paid 4.2 billion dollars for Glaceau makers of vitamin water and smart water in the future Coca-Cola will make the next big drink brand or buy it before it becomes a hot commodity the market under someone elses name Environmental energy, social responsibility, health and wellness For hundreds of years Coca-Cola only offered one drink that being the classic Coca-Cola, Coca-Cola did not have to offer more but now Coca-Cola is not it, change is it, and the Coca-Cola company need to keep an eye on its ever changing taste to find its next great successes weather that is orange flavoured Coca-Cola or the coconut water. ROUND UP! Amazingly enough even though the freestyle machine offered the chance to concoct a number of different exciting drink combinations the one shoppers chose mare than any other was not a combinations at all it was classic Coca-Cola more than a century ago Coca-Cola was just a drink but today it is a corporate empire determined to bring its famous logo to every inhabilitated corner of the world, there are still a few places that you cant yet buy a Coca-Cola for now. CNN Since 1955 Coca-Cola have had a billboard at Piccadilly to remind consumers which refreshment should quench there thirst this is one example of aggressive marketing strategy which has played a huge role in the company success One small corner shop in Tunbridge Wells to millions of sales worldwide OUTLINE history For 125 years the signature Coca-Cola bottle has been familiar presence threw out the world from billboards dominating landscapes to small little corner shops in seemingly remote locations the history of the pharmaceutical syrup from the small Chemist in 1886 John Pemberton had introduced a number of different products ion the market place he had hair dyes, liver pills and a number of different beauty aids none of which had been successful. Coca-Cola was not John Pembertons first attempt to manufacture and market a soft drink but it became his most successful unfortunately for John Pemberton he died a year and a half after he introduced the product so he never saw it become a commercial success write more about what the product was and In 1887, another Atlanta pharmacist and businessman, Asa Candler bought the formula for Coca Cola from inventor John Pemberton for $2,300. By the late 1890s, Coca Cola was one of Americas most popular fountain drinks, largely due to Candlers aggressive marketing of the product. With Asa Candler, now at the helm, the Coca Cola Company increased syrup sales by over 4000% between 1890 and 1900. http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a/coca_cola.htm By  Mary Bellis, About.com Guide PICTURE OF OLD ILLUSTRATED WORK Asa Candler was a clever business man and saw Coca-Colas potential Asa Candler was a brilliant at marketing and understood how to promote new products in countless creative way in how to get potential consumers to try them one of the things that Asa Candler did that was different from a lot of other business in how they promoted there company with advertising campaigns, Asa Candler used very good illustrators and he used a lot of colour in his advertising he got the very best lithographers to do a promotional calendars and trays (clever promotional pices as they would be used everyday and insusing it would be used daily throught out ther year blab bla bla) Asa Candler would commission great illustrators to create illustrated advertising campaigns for the magazines of the day And so Coca-Colas marketing stratergy was set (talk about it what it was clever aggrisive bold fresh the best better than the rest) When people think of Coca-Colas Icon the unmistakable uniquely shaped contour bottle (input history of the bottle here) it is a perfect balance of form and function it looks beautiful and it works as good as it looks it is so functional you can find it with your eyes closed (insert design brief history here) Between 1910 and 1920 this was a critical decade for Coca-Cola because most of what we know of the Coca-Cola today was decided in this decade, Coca-Colas bottling franchise system was founded by Benjamin Thomas and  Joseph Whitehead. previously to now Coca-Cola was only served in Coca-Cola drinking fountains in shops throughout America but now with a bottling franchise deal Coca-Cola could sell the secret syrup formula to bottling companies enabling them to just add carbonated water and bottle it up and potentially distribute it to the furthest most remote enhabited parts of the world. It turned out that people loved Coca-Cola in bottles now the consumer could enjoy it anywhere they wanted. The iconic white cursive Spencerian Script that Coca-Cola use, the instantly identifiable shade of red that Coca-Cola have consistently used and seldom seen to stray from. The unmistakable uniquely shaped contour bottle (talk about the script remains unchanged stood the test of time) Over the years Coca-Cola advertising strategy has been a winning formula driven by the brands ability to connect with consumers from a diverse multicultural audience throughout the world through strong storytelling, Iconic Santa Claus, quench the troops of world war two and memorably through the Id like to buy the world a coke 1971 advert That projected the image of being an icon and having a point of view of the world around us and not just selling a product and encouraging the consumer to think about Coca-Cola but to really step back and think about the world around us and to have an opertermistic view of the world at that time. The harmonios images off the the Coca-Cola advert brought a fearst battle of the brnads as Pepsi called apon the power of the celebrity endorsement and waged war on Coca-Cola Wendy clark SVP Marketing Communications BATTLE OF THE BRANDS Coca-Colas position on the battle of the brands between the to magor compititors Coca-Cola and Pepsi was not nesoserly a bad thing as two strong compititors make a more viable industry (explain how) its good for Coca-Cola to have competition and be able to push the Coca-Cola brand up against compititors like Pepsi to bring out the best marketing stratergy and marketing ability COMPERITOR ADVANTAGE The challange with Coca-Cola is huge being such a large globle company operating in over 200 countries thats more than the United Nations so Coca-Cola have got a larger scale than any other company in the world The succsess of Coca-Cola marketing straturgey has rocketed Coca-Cola to 1.6billion drinks being sold world wide, this shows how they have come a far way from the pharmist in 1886 In 1990 Asa Candler sold the company to a group of investors and Robert woodruff soon became Coca-Colas new company President Robert Woodruffs goal was to make ice cold Coca-Cola available to anyone anytime anywhere under Robert Woodruffs leader ship he invested in bottling plants throughout the world and Coca-Cola became the first truly global brand Coca-Cola over a 100s after it all started Coca-Cola formula is still a closely guarded secret but the popularity of this iconic band is no secret it is the most recognised trademark in the world and is being marketed and enjoyed in over 200 countries produced and sold by local bottlers, where very you are whatever your thirst the Coca-Cola company and Coca-Cola bottlers answer the need for refreshment in many different way but the market leader is Coca-Cola the original soft drink Unique delicious authentic and fun Diffrent Logos This is an image showing a selection of different Coca-Cola logos from around the world. It shows how Coca-Cola have branded themselves and changed and adapted the famous cursive Spencerian Script and re designed it in different way to suit and be understood in various different countries. It is clever how Coca-Cola have changed the cursive Spencerian Script to suit the oppropriate countires main langage even though English is the world local launge and many companies dont renrand themself is this way. Coca-Cola have swapped the traditional english alphabet for the oppropriate countires alphabet If you look at the Sri Lanka Sinhalese Coca-Cola Logo, Coca-Cola have swaped the cursive Specerian Script for the nations traditional Script of Singhalese the local Langage of Sri Lanka (it says taste is which is translated as enjoy Different logo design (Thai) Bottle design compitions London fashion week Bottle advertising (quick name a soft drink add) Anti Islamic logo Pop art andy warhole The war 2 What makes an iconic brand?] know one when you see one Rooted in culture Who bys Coca-Cola everyone the bum on the street or the priminister money cant by a btetter Coca-Cola

Inductive Exegesis Paper -- Religion, Bible, Paul

CONTEXT Most NT Scholars acknowledge 1 Thessalonians was written by Paul and dated around A.D. 50. The recipients were new converted Christians in Thessalonica where Paul newly built the infant church on the second missionary trip. To understand the reason why Paul wrote the letter, we need to explore into the situation of Thessalonians’ church has dealt with. Acts 17 describes the church of Thessalonica was being non-stop attacked since it was set up. The attacks reflected in Paul wrote some â€Å"bad word† against the oppressors (1 Thess 2:14b) and reminded the Thessalonians he had warned them in before (3:4). The oppositions and attacks became so severely that Paul and his companions had to leave Thessalonica suddenly. They were continually chased in Beroea until they furthered to Athens. Since Paul has not spent much time in this infant church, he was so worry about the newly converters faith. Paul tried to go back to Thessalonica but he was blocked. (2:17-18). Then, he sent Timothy back to Thessalonica to pasture them. Timothy finally brought back good news by reporting the church was standing firmly in faith (3:6), but might need â€Å"more teaching in certain area and of encouragement in trials.† Paul obviously could not go back at that time and in this context he wrote the letters of 1 and 2 Thessalonians. The 1 Thessalonians consists two halves: the first half (1:6-3:13) concerns Paul's original visit to Thessalonica and the converters responses to the Gospel. The second half (4:1-5:22) is Paul's teaching on the Thessalonian believers about the issues of conduct and beliefs. In Chapter 4, Paul begins with â€Å"Finally, brother† (v.1) obviously indicating he is turning to a new set of topics to advise. After making advice on mai... ...Thess 4:13-18 expressed how Paul interprets the relation of Jesus’ resurrection and the Parousia. Since 1 Cor 15 Paul has also discussed the issue of Jesus’ resurrection, this passage, written early than 1 Corinthians, provides good cross reference for further investigation of how Paul viewing Jesus’ resurrection. And Paul expresses different Christ’ works and identities in this passage which providing good resources in preaching and Bible study in the church. Question 1.Paul does not clearly explain about the status of resurrection, is same as Jesus’ resurrection, is body resurrection (Jesus showed his hands and wound ribs to ten disciples and Thomas) or in other form? 2. The apocalyptic depictions of â€Å"word of command†, â€Å"archangel figures† and â€Å"trumpet of God† have not been explored much in this paper for lack of space. I think we should ponder more in detail.

Neuropathology Of Downs Syndrome Essay -- Medical Disease Health Essa

Neuropathology Of Down's Syndrome Down’s syndrome is the most commonly identified cause of mental retardation occurring in 1 out of 700 live births. In addition to mental deficiency, characteristics of the disease include epicanthic folds of the eyes, flattened facial features, unusual palm creases, short stature, open mouth, protruding tongue and poor posture. A twenty-two to fifty fold increase in risk of the development of leukemia along with congenital heart defects in forty percent of these individuals is also seen. The increased level of purines often found can lead to mental retardation itself. Neurological impairment and immune system deficiencies make these individuals more susceptible to infection. Also noted are increased risk for cataract development and vision impairment due to defects in the lenses of the eyes. Evidence for the disease can be found as far back as the nineteenth century with many theories for the etiology of the disease. Early hypotheses include links to endocrine gland malfunction, tuberculosis, syphilis and "uterine exhaustion". The idea of uterine exhaustion was based on the observation that many children with Downs Syndrome (DS) tended to be the last born members of large families. This was later accounted for as mere coincidence. The first formal reference to the anomaly came in 1866 in England by a physician at the Earlewood Asylum noting the distinct physical characteristics of this group of individuals. In the 1930’s, Adrian Bleyer hypothesized that the condition was caused by a failure of the chromosomes to separate but could provide no proof for this since an accurate human chromosome count had not yet been obtained by anyone. The correct number of 46 chromosomes was obtained in Sw... ...rebrain Cholinergic and Pontine Catecholaminergic Nuclei in the Brain of Trisomy 16 Mouse, an Animal Model of Down’s Syndrome. Brain Res. Devop. Brain Res.:50(2), 251-264. LeMay, M. and N. Alvarez (1990) The Relationship Between Enlargements of the Temporal Horns of the Lateral Ventricles and Dementia in Aging Patients with Down’s Syndrome. Neuroradiology: 32 (2), 104-107. Patterson, D. (1987) The Causes of Down Syndrome. Scientific American: 255 (8), 52-60. Pearlson, G. D., et. al. (1990) Brain Atrophy in 18 Patients with Down Syndrome: a CT study. AJNR: 265, 811-816. Plioplys, A. (1987) Down’s Syndrome Precocious Neurofilament Antigen Expression. J. Neuroscien.: 79, 91-100. Sacks, B. and S. Smith (1989) People with Down’s Syndrome Can be Distinguished on the Basis of Cholinergic Dysfunction. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry: 52(11), 1294-1295. Neuropathology Of Down's Syndrome Essay -- Medical Disease Health Essa Neuropathology Of Down's Syndrome Down’s syndrome is the most commonly identified cause of mental retardation occurring in 1 out of 700 live births. In addition to mental deficiency, characteristics of the disease include epicanthic folds of the eyes, flattened facial features, unusual palm creases, short stature, open mouth, protruding tongue and poor posture. A twenty-two to fifty fold increase in risk of the development of leukemia along with congenital heart defects in forty percent of these individuals is also seen. The increased level of purines often found can lead to mental retardation itself. Neurological impairment and immune system deficiencies make these individuals more susceptible to infection. Also noted are increased risk for cataract development and vision impairment due to defects in the lenses of the eyes. Evidence for the disease can be found as far back as the nineteenth century with many theories for the etiology of the disease. Early hypotheses include links to endocrine gland malfunction, tuberculosis, syphilis and "uterine exhaustion". The idea of uterine exhaustion was based on the observation that many children with Downs Syndrome (DS) tended to be the last born members of large families. This was later accounted for as mere coincidence. The first formal reference to the anomaly came in 1866 in England by a physician at the Earlewood Asylum noting the distinct physical characteristics of this group of individuals. In the 1930’s, Adrian Bleyer hypothesized that the condition was caused by a failure of the chromosomes to separate but could provide no proof for this since an accurate human chromosome count had not yet been obtained by anyone. The correct number of 46 chromosomes was obtained in Sw... ...rebrain Cholinergic and Pontine Catecholaminergic Nuclei in the Brain of Trisomy 16 Mouse, an Animal Model of Down’s Syndrome. Brain Res. Devop. Brain Res.:50(2), 251-264. LeMay, M. and N. Alvarez (1990) The Relationship Between Enlargements of the Temporal Horns of the Lateral Ventricles and Dementia in Aging Patients with Down’s Syndrome. Neuroradiology: 32 (2), 104-107. Patterson, D. (1987) The Causes of Down Syndrome. Scientific American: 255 (8), 52-60. Pearlson, G. D., et. al. (1990) Brain Atrophy in 18 Patients with Down Syndrome: a CT study. AJNR: 265, 811-816. Plioplys, A. (1987) Down’s Syndrome Precocious Neurofilament Antigen Expression. J. Neuroscien.: 79, 91-100. Sacks, B. and S. Smith (1989) People with Down’s Syndrome Can be Distinguished on the Basis of Cholinergic Dysfunction. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry: 52(11), 1294-1295.

Robert Frost Essay -- essays research papers fc

â€Å"Good fences makes good neighbors,† is a small portion from the Mending Wall written by one of modern times most proficient writers, Robert Frost. Two of the critical articles I examined were quite helpful in gaining a better understanding of the â€Å"Mending Wall† and also of Robert Frost’s poetry. The Gale Research shows the best and most effective understanding of the â€Å"Mending Wall,† mainly because it deals specifically with that poem. It basically states that the poem is built around two attitudes, that of the speaker, which the Gale critic presumes is the poet, who is imaginative and an independent thinker and that of the neighbor, who prefers not to question anything (Gale). The other article deals more with other poetry that Robert Frost has written and helps explain common themes. One critic states that Frost’s poetry contains a theme of nature and mankind being one entity (Wagner 12).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the Gale Research article, the poet is describing the relationship between the two different men who have the same common interest in repairing the wall. It goes on explaining how they walk on each of their sides of the wall, picking up stones and replacing the oddly shaped and shattered ones. It shows the mental differences between the speaker and the neighbor by stating that the speaker, the more imaginary one, wanted to use a spell to fix the oddly shaped stones, while the more down to earth one wanted to use his hands and labor (Gale).   &...

Insufficient Amount Of Insulin Health And Social Care Essay

Type-1 diabetes occurs when the organic structure produces an deficient sum of insulin. It is besides known as juvenile diabetes or early-onset diabetes because it normally develops before the age of 40. Type-1 diabetes is less common than type-2 diabetes, which occurs when the organic structure producesA excessively small insulin or when the cells in the organic structure do non respond decently to insulin. Peoples with type-1 diabetes make up merely 10 % of all people with diabetes, of which there are 2.9million in the UK. The symptoms of holding type-1 diabetes are increased thirst and frequent micturition, Extreme hungriness, Weight loss, Fatigue, and blurred vision. If left untreated type-1 diabetes can take to decease. This human death can be due to several grounds ; people with diabetes have a higher than mean hazard of holding a bosom onslaught or Stroke. Peoples who are unfortunate plenty to endure from either signifier of diabetes are more than twice every bit likely as peo ple without diabetes to endure a shot or bosom onslaught. Harmonizing to ( diabetes.org ) two out of three people with diabetes die from bosom disease or shot besides called cardiovascular disease. There is besides a hazard of a diabetic coma which is frequently fatal. No affair the cause, every bit shortly as the islet cells have been destroyed, sick persons of type 1 diabetes will bring forth small to no insulin, if this happened in a healthy individual the liver would change over stored animal starch back into glucose maintaining the individual ‘s blood glucose degree within a healthy scope. In a type 1 sick person the latter would non happen as there would be no insulin in their organic structure to assist glucose into the cells, because of this the sugar would construct up in the blood stream ( alternatively of being transported into the cells ) where it could do major harm if non decease.What is insulin?Insulin is a endocrine that comes from the pancreas and helps glucose enter the cells ( to supply energy ) without insulin glucose can non come in the cells and so blood glucose degrees can be low ( hypoglycemia ) if this happens a individual can experience an array of side effects and even travel into a diabetic coma hypertext transfer protocol: //urbanext.illinois.edu/diabetes2/illustrations/glucose_insulin1.jpgPrevalence of diabetes in the UK 2011Prevalence of diabetes in the UK 2006The two above tabular arraies shows merely how huge the addition has been in the sum of people enduring from diabetes, nevertheless the study that I found these tabular arraies from said that they found that the per centum of sick persons with type-1 stayed reasonably changeless and that it was type-2 that had showed the big addition.Insulin pump therapyhypertext transfer protocol: //docnews.diabetesjournals.org/content/1/1/15/F7.medium.gif Insulin pump therapy is non a remedy to either signifiers of diabetes, nevertheless it is the most efficient, effectual and good intervention for sick persons at this clip and because of this is the chief solution I have chosen for my coursework. I chose to concentrate on the company Medtronic as their work with insulin pumps is shown to be to a great extent favoured by many independent sites and by persons posting on the web site. I have chosen non to compose about any possible remedies, due to the fact that at this clip there are no definite cures merely ‘possible ‘ remedies.How does the Medtronic MiniMed Paradigm Veo pump work?The Veo insulin pump differentiates its ego from the many other types of insulin pump due to its new and alone characteristics, most pumps merely supplies certain sums of insulin at regular intervals throughout the twenty-four hours, and are frequently able to be programmed to infix more insulin around repast times when there is the largest sum o f glucose come ining the organic structure. The Veo pump nevertheless has an array of advanced characteristics that improve the wellness both at the clip and in the hereafter. These characteristics include: A uninterrupted glucose proctor that automatically detects how low the sick persons blood glucose degrees are A low blood glucose degree response system ( LGS ) that can react to the above state of affairs by curtailing or halting the sum of insulin released so as to raise the blood glucose degrees An ability to record and proctor blood glucose degrees all twenty-four hours every twenty-four hours Show the user their blood glucose degrees The system warns the user when their glucose degrees stray towards unsafe degrees Most pumps including the Medtronic work on a repast by meal footing with little sums of insulin being injected in between these periods, this is shown on the graph belowhttp: //dtc.ucsf.edu/images/graphs/graph_pump_regimen.gifConsequenceshypertext transfer protocol: //www.medtronicdiabetes.ca/en/images/fingersticks.jpg The above graph shows the difference between the mean insulin pump which uses fingersticks to demo a few points in the rhythm of high and low blood sugar degrees, whereas the Veo uses CGM ( uninterrupted glucose supervising ) to demo all the points where the user is above, below or within their mark zone, the web site describes the differences â€Å" fingersticks being a few scenes, with CGM being the full film † Below are three graphs that compare glycaemic control and insulin dose in people with type 1 diabetes treated by insulin extract pump therapy or optimized insulin injections. The graphs compare three different factors Blood Glucose Level = ability to maintain blood glucose degrees healthy Glycated Haemoglobin = ability to maintain sum of glycated hemoglobin at a healthy degree, e.g. non to high Insulin dose = the positive consequence of holding insulin infused by either insulin pump or through injection Blood glucose control The graph below shows that glycaemic control was better during pump intervention than in injection therapy. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408723/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F1.medium.gifGlycated hemoglobinThe graph below shows that the per centum of glycated hemoglobin was lower during pump therapyhttp: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408741/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F2.medium.gif Insulin dose hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmj.com/highwire/filestream/408755/field_highwire_fragment_image_m/0/F3.medium.gifCogency of consequencesIt is likely that the consequences are dependable, as the consequences were taken from a big figure of indifferent beginnings. The consequences were taken under the undermentioned conditions: 301 people with type 1 diabetes allocated to insulin extract and 299 allocated to insulin injections for between 2.5 and 24 months. To happen information that met the standards, the researches searched through Medline ( 1975 to 2000 ) and Embase ( 1980-2000 ) for documents on different insulin infixing systems. In the terminal they merely selected surveies that were randomized controlled tests of pump therapy compared with optimized insulin injection. Data was so extracted from text, tabular arraies, and graphs. This information was so assessed and reviewed by two independent individuals ; they assessed glycaemic control with each method as average blood glucose concentration and per centum of Glycated hemoglobin. They so took note of the entire day-to-day insulin dosage on the two governments. Equally good as this the type of pump, the type of insulin, and the insulin injection regimen were recorded. Beginnings of heterogeneousness ( the quality of being diverse and non comparable in sort ) were assessed with a random effects arrested development analysis with age, continuance of diabetes and intervention, and twelvemonth of survey being the independent variables. They tested their hypothesis by ciphering the ratio of the minimal discrepancy weighted geometric agencies of the SDs of blood glucose concentrations on the two regimens. This reinforces that the consequences are likely to be valid due to the huge figure of groups that underwent the experiment and the conditions under which the consequences were taken.Deductions of solutionAdvantagesThe intervention has shown to straight lower and even extinguish the opportunities of acquiring hypoglycemia due to the LGS characteristic Allows the user to drive and execute hazard filled undertakings with comfort cognizing that they will be warned if they have a low Blood Sugar degree Ensures the user that they can execute strenuous undertakings such every bit exercising as they will cognize if they are at hazard of fainting or holding low energy degreesDisadvantagesWhile the insulin pump is a antic intervention, it is non a remedy and so requires care This intervention can be rather expensive in states such as America that do non supply a national insurance, unless said sick person attains fundingEconomic and ethical effectsEthically there are n't truly any complications with this intervention, unless you have spiritual expostulations which do non let you to accept it. Economically this intervention provides many occupations to the industries of the pump and the manufacturers of the insulin Unless you live in a state where there is a national insurance, this intervention can be highly expensive so means some people have to utilize more basic interventionsAlternate TreatmentsNanotechnologyâ€Å" Another possible remedy may one twenty-four hours come from the microscopic, Nano technological spectrum. In this case, bantam insulin implants could meter out insulin to blood glucose degrees as and when it is required. This type of remedy is theoretically possible, and several scientists are working towards this hereafter. However as with other signifiers of possible diabetes cure this remains merely a distant potency † Bantam capsules can be implanted into the organic structure to make an unreal pancreas. When blood sugar flows inside the capsule, it stimulates the cells to bring forth insulin to command sugar degrees. The device has nano pores, pores so little that the organic structure ‘s antibodies can non acquire in to assail the cells, but big plenty that the insulin can flux out and into the organic structure. If nanotechnology can go cost effectual it is a feasible solution to diabetes. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.autokinematics.com/resource/nanotech-1.jpgBring arounding Diabetes with Our Own Stem Cells!In October 2011 scientists at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in Tsukuba Science City, Japan stated that they had found a possible remedy to diabetes. The extracted nervous root cells from rats via the olfactory organ were turned into pancreatic cells that can fabricate insulin to handle diabetes.http: //t0.gstatic.com/images? q=tbn: ANd9GcQ-Z8c26wx5B0PQflux1yHgFHlngRkkpHt7qBb7lecGzlLvIrxRSg First, they extracted a bantam sum of tissue from the portion of the encephalon which deals with odor through the rhinal pit, they so extracted nervous root cells an exposed them to a human protein that switches on insulin production every bit good as an antibody that blocks the natural inhibitor of insulin production. After two hebdomads the scientists placed the cells on thin sheets of collagen ( which acted as a scaffold ) leting them to put the sheets on top of the rats ‘ pancreas without damaging the organ. Within a hebdomad the concentrations of insulin in the blood of the rats that received the intervention matched those in the non-diabetic rats. This intervention had a 100 % success rate in all rats due to the 0 % rejections as the cells were their ain. The cells successfully tackled diabetes for 19 hebdomads until research workers halted the intervention by taking the sheets of cells, after which the rats ‘ diabetes returned.

Case Study Investigation Essay

Abstract This scientific research investigates about nowadays scientific advances. Two scientific advances which are RTerg and ultra-low-power digital memory have differences and similarities that were analyzed from 6 different internet resources. RTerg contribute more in human progress compared to the ultra-low-power digital memory because it can reduce death toll caused by tsunami. This research confirmed the thesis statement although some may have different opinions according to their different point of views, but it is recommended that RTerg should be properly placed and people that operate RTerg should be properly trained. 1.0 Introduction These days technology keeps improving and becoming more helpful to human beings. Now, technology can even prevent/reduce unnecessary death and can increase an object ability to its maximum capacity. This investigation purpose was to compare and contrast 2 different scientific advances. The  first scientific advance is called RTerg. RTerg is a new system which can warn of tsunamis within minutes. The second scientific advance is called ultra-low-power digital memory. This ultra-low-power digital memory is a new technology that would dramatically extend battery life for mobile devices. This research was expected to show that RTerg contribute more in human progress compared to the ultra-low-power digital memory. 2.0 Methodology This scientific case study investigation was based on 6 different internet sources. The first 3 sources were about the tsunami and the system, and the other 3 were about the new technology which can extend battery life. These sources were used to support the fact of this scientific investigation. The sources were used to compare and contrast the data and to find the differences and the similarities of the text discussed. The data was used to present the table. 3.0 Findings Topic 1 Aspects to be examined Topic 2 RTerg Scientific advance? Ultra-low-power digital memory Tsunami Issue? Battery life Earth science Part of science? Chemistry, Physics Andrew Newman, March 4, 2011 Discovered by? When? Eric Pop, March 10, 2011 Measurement of magnitude Previous strategy? Array of memory bits Reduce death tolls Contribution to human progress? Improves anything that uses battery Similarities: Cause good impacts Efficient New invention Contribute to human progress There are differences and similarities between both scientific advances. Both have different issue and historical perspective. The first scientific advance (RTerg) discuss about reducing death toll caused by tsunami and before it was invented, they used a strategy by measuring the magnitude. The second topic discussed about the battery life which drain fast. And before, the strategy used was by creating arrays of memory units which operate together. The first topic is part of earth science since tsunami is a natural disaster and was discovered by Andrew Newman, March 4, 2011. The second topic is part of chemical and physical science because they need to count the energy use and the material they should use to produce efficient battery, and was discovered by Eric Pop, March 10, 2011. The similarities contribute in bringing good impact and efficient in human life, also both are still considered as new technologies. 4.0 Discussion The new system which can warn of tsunamis within minutes (RTerg) is very useful because tsunamis may occur anytime and people usually are unaware of the signs, which may cause large amount of death. The most destructive and deadliest tsunami happened in 2004. The tsunami killed almost 250,000 people in Sumatra, Indonesia (Phillips 2011) because the citizens/communities didn’t get enough information of what will happen and some didn’t get the proper knowledge about the signs before tsunami that made them unaware and became victim of this destructive and deadly disaster. With this new system, death rate caused by tsunami can be reduced or even prevented. This new system inform the population near the location to evacuate to safer place only minutes after the initial earthquake because people usually didn’t realize the signs of tsunami since the earthquake felt like an order of  magnitude smaller than it supposed to be (New system can warn of tsunamis within minut es 2011). This new ultra-low-power digital memory is also useful to human progress because people can communicate longer and save their time waiting for their mobile devices to fully charge. Gadgets these days usually run out of battery after few hours of full use and wouldn’t last for a day. This new technology is also important to other devices that use battery, for example, satellites, military equipment, etc. (New technology would dramatically extend battery life for mobile devices 2011). Apart from long lasting battery life, this new battery is small in size. This battery use ultra-low-power memory to minimize the energy used for mobile activity. The battery also use nanotubes which is known for its extraordinary stability, since they are not vulnerable to degradation which can cause plague metal wires. (New technology would dramatically extend battery life for mobile devices 2011) RTerg is expected to contribute more in human progress because RTerg warn peoples/citizens near impact zone before the tsunami happens and they can be more prepared to what will happen next. Lives will be saved, those lives may be one of the peoples who will be successful in the future and they may invent more advanced technology. The research was effective since the sources used for this research was easy to obtain. 5.0 Conclusions and Recommendations To conclude, RTerg contributes more to human progress compared to the new technology which can extend battery life because the warning by the RTerg can save thousands of life. It is recommended that: 1. RTerg should be installed in places where tsunamis happen often 2. People who operates RTerg should be properly trained so RTerg can work with its maximum ability 3. People should read about this report so they may know more about this information References New technology would dramatically extend battery life for mobile devices (2011), (e) Science News [online]. Available from: http://esciencenews.com/articles/2011/03/10/new.technology.would.dramatically.extend.battery.life.mobile.devices [Accessed 10 March 2014] Two Technologies Could Significantly Increase Your Next Smartphone’s Battery Life (2011), Brighthand [online]. Available from: http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=18391&news=Battery+technology+Qualcomm+Mirasol+displays+Improving [Accessed 10 March 2014] Nanostructures Boost Battery Life Fivefold (2013), MIT Technology Review [online]. Available from: http://www.technologyreview.com/news/509501/nanostructures-boost-battery-life-fivefold/ [Accessed 10 March 2014] New system can warn of tsunamis within minutes (2011), (e) Science News [online]. Available from: http://esciencenews.com/articles/2011/03/04/new.system.can.warn.tsunamis.within.minutes [Accessed 10 March 2014] Phillips, C. (2011), The 10 most destructive tsunamis in history, Australian Geographic [online]. Available from: http://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/science-environment/2011/03/the-10-most-destructive-tsunamis-in-history/ [Accessed 10 March 2014]